#when#高中英语学习方法之短文改错(14)


Who is the comrade standing by the door? 站在门边的同志是谁?
They lived in a house facing south. 他们住在一所朝南的房子里 。
③–ing分词还可以作非限制性定语 , 相当于一个非限制性定语从句 , 常用逗号和句子其它部分分开 。 如:
The words, usually dealing with current work, were mostly written by himself.
歌词一般讲当前的工作 , 大部分是他自己写的 。
When she appeared, John, wearing a dirty and worn-out overcoat, ran to her with joy. 当她出现的时候 , 约翰穿着一件又脏又破的大衣高兴地跑了过去 。
5) -ing分词做状语:
-ing分词作状语可以表示时间、原因、结果、条件、让步、方式或伴随情况等 。
①-ing分词短语作时间状语 , 相当于一个时间状语从句 , 有时可由连词when, while引出 。 如:
While reading the book, he nodded from time to time. 他一边看书 , 一边不时地点头 。 Seeing those pictures, she remembered her childhood. 看到那些画 , 他想起了她的童年 。
②-ing分词短语作原因状语 , 相当于一个原因状语从句 。 如:
Not knowing his address, I can’t send this book to him. 因为不知道他的地址 , 我不能把这本书送给他 。
Many of us, being so excited, couldn’t go to sleep that night. 因为非常激动 , 那晚我们许多人都没睡着 。
③–ing分词短语作结果状语 。 如:
His father died, leaving him a lot of money. 他父亲死了 , 留给他许多钱 。
She was so angry that she threw the toy on the ground, breaking it into pieces.
她非常生气 , 把玩具扔在地上 , 把它摔成了碎片 。
④-ing分词作伴随状语 , 可以放在句子的前面、后面或中间 , 表示主语的另一个、较次要的动作 。 如:
They stood there for half an hour watching the stars in the sky. 他们在那儿站了半小时 , 观察着天上的星星 。
Following the old man, the young people started walking slowly.
年轻人跟在老人的后面开始慢慢地走起来 。
⑤-ing分词间或也可作条件状语和让步状语 , 相当于一个状语从句 。 如:
A person standing at the foot of a high mountain will find himself very small.
一个人如站在大山的脚下会发现自己很渺小 。
Knowing all this, they made me pay for the damage. 尽管知道了一切情况 , 他们还是要我赔偿损失 。
注:-ing分词作状语时 , 它的逻辑主语就是整个句子的主语 。
⑥―with/without+名词普通格或代词宾格+-ing分词‖结构在句中作状语 , 表示伴随情况或时间、原因等 。 如:
His hair became grey with the years passing. 随着时间的推移 , 他的头发变花白了 。
Without anyone noticing, he slipped through the window. 没人注意 , 他从窗户溜了出去 。
6) -ing分词作补语:
①--ing分词可以在see, hear, notice, watch, feel, look at, listen to, observe, have, get, leave, keep, set, catch, find等动词后面和一个名词或代词构成一个复合宾语 , 作宾语补语 。 如:
I noticed a man running out of the bank when I got off the car.
我下车的时候注意到一个男人匆匆忙忙地从银行里跑出来 。
Last night the shopkeeper caught a child stealing some food in the shop.
昨晚 , 店主在商店里抓到一个小孩在偷东西 。
②上面这类句子也可变成被动语态 , 这时 , -ing分词可看成是主语补语 。 如:
We were kept waiting for quite a long time. 让我们等了好长时间 。


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