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Java，ShardingSphere，Sharding-JDBC，分库分表的入门程序案例

分库分表

Sharding-JDBC背景：出于工作的需要，非常需要详细了解数据库分表分库的内容，这样便于选择版本，了解原理及性能，做出更好的选择 。
【Java，ShardingSphere，Sharding-JDBC，分库分表的入门程序案例】Sharding-JDBC是ShardingSphere的第一个产品，也是ShardingSphere的前身 。它定位为轻量级JAVA框架，在Java的JDBC层提供的额外服务 。它使用客户端直连数据库，以jar包形式提供服务，无需额外部署和依赖，可理解为增强版的JDBC驱动，完全兼容JDBC和各种ORM框架 。
Apache ShardingSphere，一套开源的分布式数据库解决方案组成的生态圈 。

Java，ShardingSphere，Sharding-JDBC，分库分表的入门程序案例

文章插图
 
4.x文档地址：
https://shardingsphere.apache.org/document/legacy/4.x/document/cn/overview/
入门程序案例准备MySQL数据库，分别建立库：ds1和ds2 。
ds1、ds2库中分别执行：
CREATE TABLE `t_user` (`id` BIGINT PRIMARY KEY ,`name` VARCHAR(45) NOT NULL,`status` VARCHAR(45) NOT NULL);create table `t_order0`(`id` BIGINT PRIMARY KEY ,`user_id` BIGINT NOT NULL,`code`VARCHAR(45) NOT NULL);create table `t_order1`(`id` BIGINT PRIMARY KEY ,`user_id` BIGINT NOT NULL,`code`VARCHAR(45) NOT NULL);pom.xml：
<dependencies><dependency><groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId><artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId></dependency><dependency><groupId>com.baomidou</groupId><artifactId>mybatis-plus-boot-starter</artifactId><version>3.4.1</version></dependency><!-- pagehelper分页 --><dependency><groupId>com.github.pagehelper</groupId><artifactId>pagehelper-spring-boot-starter</artifactId><version>1.2.13</version></dependency><dependency><groupId>com.alibaba</groupId><artifactId>druid-spring-boot-starter</artifactId><version>1.1.22</version></dependency><dependency><groupId>mysql</groupId><artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId><version>8.0.21</version></dependency><!-- shardingsphere --><dependency><groupId>org.apache.shardingsphere</groupId><artifactId>sharding-jdbc-spring-boot-starter</artifactId><version>4.1.1</version></dependency><dependency><groupId>org.apache.shardingsphere</groupId><artifactId>sharding-jdbc-spring-namespace</artifactId><version>4.1.1</version></dependency><dependency><groupId>org.apache.shardingsphere</groupId><artifactId>sharding-orchestration-center-zookeeper-curator</artifactId><version>4.1.1</version></dependency><!-- 使用XA事务时，需要引入此模块 --><!--<dependency><groupId>org.apache.shardingsphere</groupId><artifactId>sharding-transaction-xa-core</artifactId><version>4.1.1</version></dependency>--><!-- 使用BASE事务时，需要引入此模块 --><!--<dependency><groupId>org.apache.shardingsphere</groupId><artifactId>sharding-transaction-base-seata-at</artifactId><version>4.1.1</version></dependency>--><dependency><groupId>com.alibaba</groupId><artifactId>fastjson</artifactId><version>1.1.22</version></dependency></dependencies>代码案例1：
import com.alibaba.druid.pool.DruidDataSource;import org.apache.shardingsphere.api.config.sharding.ShardingRuleConfiguration;import org.apache.shardingsphere.api.config.sharding.TableRuleConfiguration;import org.apache.shardingsphere.api.config.sharding.strategy.InlineShardingStrategyConfiguration;import org.apache.shardingsphere.shardingjdbc.api.ShardingDataSourceFactory;import javax.sql.DataSource;import java.sql.Connection;import java.sql.SQLException;import java.sql.Statement;import java.util.HashMap;import java.util.Map;import java.util.Properties;public class ShardingJDBCDemo01 {public static void main(String[] args) {// =====================================================================//// 配置真实数据源Map<String, DataSource> dataSourceMap = new HashMap<>();// 配置第一个数据源DruidDataSource dataSource1 = new DruidDataSource();dataSource1.setDriverClassName("com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver");dataSource1.setUrl("jdbc:mysql://192.168.1.11:3306/ds1?serverTimezone=UTC&characterEncoding=utf8&useUnicode=true&useSSL=false");dataSource1.setUsername("root");dataSource1.setPassword("root1234");dataSourceMap.put("ds1", dataSource1);// 配置第二个数据源DruidDataSource dataSource2 = new DruidDataSource();dataSource2.setDriverClassName("com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver");dataSource2.setUrl("jdbc:mysql://192.168.1.11:3306/ds2?serverTimezone=UTC&characterEncoding=utf8&useUnicode=true&useSSL=false");dataSource2.setUsername("root");dataSource2.setPassword("root1234");dataSourceMap.put("ds2", dataSource2);// =====================================================================//// 配置User表规则TableRuleConfiguration userTableRuleConfig = new TableRuleConfiguration("t_user");// 配置分库userTableRuleConfig.setDatabaseShardingStrategyConfig(new InlineShardingStrategyConfiguration("id", "ds$->{id%2+1}"));// 配置分片规则ShardingRuleConfiguration shardingRuleConfig = new ShardingRuleConfiguration();shardingRuleConfig.getTableRuleConfigs().add(userTableRuleConfig);// =====================================================================//// 获取数据源对象// =====================================================================//DataSource dataSource = null;try {dataSource = ShardingDataSourceFactory.createDataSource(dataSourceMap, shardingRuleConfig, new Properties());} catch (SQLException e) {e.printStackTrace();}// =====================================================================//// 插入数据// =====================================================================//for (int i = 41; i <= 60; i++) {try {String sql = "insert into t_user(`id`,`name`,`status`) values(" + i + ",'1','1')";Connection conn = dataSource.getConnection();Statement stmt = conn.createStatement();stmt.executeUpdate(sql);System.out.println("插入：" + i);} catch (SQLException e) {e.printStackTrace();}}System.out.println("操作完成...");}}


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