你知道CentOS 6和 CentOS 7的区别吗？ _CentOS

整体说明1.系统
项目centos 6CentOS7
1. 安装过程6 一步一步7 随意
2. 默认的文件系统ext4xfs3. 启动流程串行并行
4. 运行级别runleveltarget
5. 内核2.6.323.10.0
6. 开机自启动服务chkconfigsystemctl enable/disable rsyncd
7. 开启或关闭服务/etc/init.d/network stop/startsystemctl start/stop rsyncd
8. 网卡命名eth0 eth1ens33
9. 普通用户uid>=500>=1000
10.修改主机名hostname和/etc/sysconfig/networkhostnamectl和/etc/hostname
11.修改字符集/etc/sysconfig/i18nlocalectl 和/etc/locale.conf
12.软件包名字tree-1.6.0-10.el6.x86_64 el6 C6tree-1.6.0-10.el7.x86_64 el7 C7
13.管理网卡主要服务：networkNetworkManager network
14.防火墙：iptablesfirewalld
15.查看内存free -h可用内存需要看bufer/cache这一行的可用内存直接看 ava
16./etc/fstab/根分区和/boot分区默认都是检查/根分区和/boot分区默认都是不检查
2.服务软件
项目CentOS6CentOS71.rsync直接使用rsync用户即可需要使用fake super = yes2.数据库yum源中默认是MySQLyum源中默认是MariaDB3.时间同步ntpdate 或ntpd服务chrony
详细操作1 默认的文件系统
CentOS 7.5
[root@shell ~]# df -hTFilesystem Type Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on/dev/sda3 xfs 48G 7.1G 41G 15% /devtmpfs devtmpfs 477M 0 477M 0% /devtmpfs tmpfs 488M 0 488M 0% /dev/shmtmpfs tmpfs 488M 7.7M 480M 2% /runtmpfs tmpfs 488M 0 488M 0% /sys/fs/cgroup/dev/sda1 xfs 1014M 124M 891M 13% /boottmpfs tmpfs 98M 0 98M 0% /run/user/0CentOS 6.10
[root@oldboyedu ~]# df -hTFilesystem Type Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on/dev/vda1 ext4 40G 1.3G 36G 4% /tmpfs tmpfs 939M 0 939M 0% /dev/shm[root@oldboyedu ~]# free -m total used free shared buffers cachedMem: 3832 2973 859 0 265 1771-/+ buffers/cache: 936 2896Swap: 2047 0 20472. 启动流程

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3. 运行级别
CentOS 6.xCentOS 7.xrunlevel运行级别targetrunlevel0.targetpoweroff.targetrunlevel1.targetrescue.targetrunlevel2.targetmulti-user.targetrunlevel3.targetmulti-user.targetrunlevel4.targetmulti-user.targetrunlevel5.targetgraphical.targetrunlevel6.targetreboot.target
详细：CentOS 6.x

0 - halt (Do NOT set initdefault to this)
1 - Single user mode
2 - Multiuser, without NFS (The same as 3, if you do not have networking)
3 - Full multiuser mode 命令行模式
4 - unused
5 - X11 桌面模式
6 - reboot (Do NOT set initdefault to this)

详细：CentOS 7.x

poweroff.target
rescue.target
multi-user.target
multi-user.target
multi-user.target
graphical.target
reboot.target

4.查看与修改
CentOS 6.x
修改/etc/inittab 文件重启生效
CentOS 7.x
systemctl get-default #查看运行级别
systemctl set-default graphical.target #设置运行级别
5.内核版本
CentOS 6.x
2.6.32
[root@oldboyedu ~]# uname -r 2.6.32-754.11.1.el6.x86_64[root@oldboyedu ~]# rpm -qa tree tree-1.5.3-3.el6.x86_64CentOS 7.x
3.10.0
[root@shell ~]# uname -r 3.10.0-862.el7.x86_64[root@shell ~]# rpm -qa tree tree-1.6.0-10.el7.x86_646. 开机自启动服务
如何让1个软件/服务可以开机自启动
https://www.jianshu.com/p/fc26d73fe050
CentOS 6.x
chkconfig iptables on/off #让防火墙开机自启动/关闭自启动CentOS 7.xsystemctl enable/disable rsyncd #让rsyncd开机自启动/关闭自启动7. 开启或关闭服务
CentOS 6.x
/etc/init.d/sshd restart/stop/start/reload # 重启/关闭/开启/平滑重启sshd服务CentOS 7.xsystemctl restart/stop/start/reload sshd #重启/关闭/开启/平滑重启sshd服务8. 网卡命名
9. 普通用户uid
用户CentOS 6.xCentOS 7.x普通用户uid>=500>=1000
10.修改主机名
CentOS 6.x
[root@oldboyedu ~]# hostname oldboyedu-ecs[root@oldboyedu ~]# hostname oldboyedu-ecs[root@oldboyedu ~]# cat /etc/sysconfig/networkNETWORKING=yesHOSTNAME=oldboyedu-ecsCentOS 7.x
hostnamectl set-hostname oldboyedu-CentOS7[root@oldboyedu-centos7 ~]# cat /etc/hostname oldboyedu-centos711.修改字符集
CentOS 6.x
[root@oldboyedu ~]# export LANG=zh_CN.UTF-8[root@oldboyedu ~]# [root@oldboyedu ~]# echo 'LANG=zh_CN.UTF-8' >/etc/sysconfig/i18n[root@oldboyedu ~]# source /etc/sysconfig/i18n[root@oldboyedu ~]# cat /etc/sysconfig/i18nLANG=zh_CN.UTF-8CentOS 7.x
[root@oldboyedu-centos7 ~]# localectl set-locale LANG=zh_CN.UTF-8[root@oldboyedu-centos7 ~]# cat /etc/locale.conf LANG=zh_CN.UTF-812.软件包名字
软件包版本tree-1.6.0-10.el6.x86_64el6 C6tree-1.6.0-10.el7.x86_64el7 C7
13.管理网卡主要服务
CentOS 6.x network服务