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大全|小学英语基础知识汇总大全，建议收藏！( 三 )


at(on)the weekend在周末---特指
at(on)weekends在周末---泛指
over the weekend在整个周末
during the weekend在周末期间
(2)在圣诞节 ， 应说at Christmas?而不说on Christmas?
2)在(刚……)的时候 。
On reaching the city he called up his parents.
一到城里他就给父母打了一个电话 。
3.in
1)表示"时段"、"时期" ， 在多数情况下可以和during互换 ， 前者强调对比 ， 后者强调持续 。 in(during)1988(December ， the 20th century)在一九八八年(十二月、二十世纪)
6
动词：动词的四种时态
(1)一般现在时：
一般现在时的构成
1. be动词：主语+be(am, is, are)+其它 。 如：I am a boy. 我是一个男孩 。
2. 行为动词：主语+行为动词(+其它) 。 如：We study English. 我们学习英语 。
当主语为第三人称单数(he, she, it)时 ， 要在动词后加"-s"或"-es" 。 如：Mary likes Chinese.玛丽喜欢汉语 。
动词+s的变化规则
1.一般情况下 ， 直接加-s ， 如：cook-cooks, milk-milks
2.以s. x. sh. ch. o结尾 ， 加-es ， 如：guess-guesses, wash-washes, watch-watches, go-goes
3.以“辅音字母+y”结尾 ， 变y为i, 再加-es ， 如：study-studies
(2)一般过去时:
动词过去式详解 动词的过去式的构成规则有：
A、规则动词
一般直接在动词的后面加ed：如 worked , learned , cleaned , visited
以e结尾的动词直接加d：如 lived , danced , used
以辅音字母加y结尾的动词要改y为i再加ed(此类动词较少)如 study – studied carry – carried worry – worried (注意play、stay不是辅音字母加y,所以不属于此类)
双写最后一个字母(此类动词较少)如 stopped
B、不规则动词(此类词并无规则 ， 须熟记)小学阶段要记住以下动词的原形和过去式：sing – sang , eat – ate ,
see – saw , have – had , do – did , go – went , take – took , buy – bought , get – got , read – read ,fly – flew , am/is – was ,are – were , say – said , leave – left , swim – swam , tell – told , draw – drew , come – came , lose – lost , find – found , drink – drank , hurt – hurt , feel – felt
(3)一般将来时：
基本结构：
be going to + do
will+ do. be going to = will
I am going to go swimming tomorrow(明天). = I will go swimming tomorrow.
(4)现在进行时: am,is,are+动词现在分词
动词现在分词详解 动词的ing形式的构成规则：
一般的直接在后面加上ing , 如doing , going , working , singing , eating
以e 结尾的动词 ， 要先去e再加ing， 如having , writing
双写最后一个字母的(此类动词极少)有：running , swimming , sitting , getting
第三部分 句法
陈述句
(1)肯定句：是指用肯定的语气来陈述的句子 ， 如：I’m a student. She is a doctor. He works in a hospital.
There are four fans in our classroom. He will eat lunch at 12:00. I watched TV yesterday evening.
(2)否定句：含有否定词或表示否定意义词的句子 ， 如：I’m not a student. She is not (isn’t) a doctor.
He does not (doesn’t) work in a hospital. There are not (aren’t) four fans in our classroom.
He will not (won’t) eat lunch at 12:00. I did not (didn’t) watch TV yesterday evening.
疑问句
一般疑问句：是指询问事实的句子 ， 此类句子必须用“yes” ， 或“no”来回答 。


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