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Design thinking 提倡的 Human-Centered Design 和 User-Centered Design 有啥区别和联系

与其了解其区别和联系还不如了解其中的一些技巧和方法，无论是UCD还是HCD。一定要有个回答的话，我个人认为HCD比UCD更加广义一点，使用UCD的时候think out of box就是HCD。引用一下别人的东西：User-centered vs. Human-centered:
User-centered design is just what it implies: designing for a user. There has been much debate about the word “user” and if it is even the appropriate word for us to be using. However I can make my point without having to go deep into that argument, and offer up a simplified definition here. It seems to me that the word “user” tends to define people as a part of the system instead of as the reason for the system. If people are merely part of the system then they might not receive the appropriate amount of attention in comparison to the technology. The problem here is that “users” end up serving as justification and measuring tools in the design process.
To me, human-centered differs from user-centered in that it takes a broader view of the design of technology. We don’t just “use” technology. We live with technology, experience it, love it, and hate it. In the past few years the world has changed substantially due to the introduction of new technology and cultures can be transformed almost overnight. Designers of technology wield considerable power that I feel is not completely understood. In the words of Peter Parker’s uncle, “With great power come great responsibility.” In the broad view, the “user-base” that I am designing for, my “demographic” is the population of planet Earth. I owe it to that population to apply ethics and morality to my design decisions. That is what “human-centered design” means to me.
【Design thinking 提倡的 Human-Centered Design 和 User-Centered Design 有啥区别和联系】 建议多看看具体的design thinking的方法论的应用然后实践之。这个材料不错：http://dschool.stanford.edu/wp-content/uploads/2011/03/BootcampBootleg2010v2SLIM.pdf。

■网友
通常来讲HCD和UCD没有什么区别，可以交换使用。从IDEO的The Field Guide to Human-Centered Design (Link: Design Kit, HCD Toolkit的升级版)来看，human指的是the people who face those problems every day, 也就是end user了:Embracing human-centered design means believing that all problems, even the seemingly intractable ones like poverty, gender equality, and clean water, are solvable. Moreover, it means believing that the people who face those problems every day are the ones who hold the key to their answer. Human-centered design offers problem solvers of any stripe a chance to design with communities, to deeply understand the people they’re looking to serve, to dream up scores of ideas, and to create innovative new solutions rooted in people’s actual needs.HCD，"以人为本的设计"，或者“人本设计”的说法比较流行，应当跟中文里“以人为本”四字短语存在已久有关。想想看，“以用户为中心”和“以人为本”哪个说着更方便…
■网友
从我的工作实践经验来说一般不会对这两种做太多区分，human-centered or user-centric都会用，更有时候也会用consumer-centric。现在很多公司的创新模式还是technology-driven，我们面向他们介绍这种新的思维方式的时候，最重要的是要先让他们脑中有他们的消费者 :)我对于这三种用法的区分是：Human-centered：比较广义，用于解释一种empathy的mindset。我更多会用于介绍方法论，跟human science一类的词一起使用。比如进行一个human-centered的调研，要通过ethnography, anthropology等方式。User-centric：比较具体，更倾向于跟user behavior联系起来用，强调用户的行为，如何理解他们的动机和如何改变他们的使用行为等。Consumer-centric: 这个用语更加business,更加commercial，更多是针对某个客户的消费者群体来用，区别于广义上的用户群体。也有过同一个会议中三种用法都出现的情况，实际操作来讲并不会造成概念混淆。以上是个人工作中的一点感想，欢迎交流 :)


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